Ukiah's Annexation

                                                                                          written 14 June, 2026

                                                                                      published 21 June, 2026

            

            Last week I attended the recent presentation of the proposed annexation for Ukiah.  It was a modest turnout, less than 75 people.  The City staff opened with several requests that everyone be respectful and not interrupt, shout down, or disparage other speakers.  I went to learn about the subject, and to experience the mood of the crowd, many of whom have been adamantly opposed to annexation since the first effort was presented over a year ago.

            The City of Ukiah has ground water rights to the abundant geologic water reserves under the City.  Adjacent water districts to the north and south didn't, and struggled to serve their customers during drought years.  Under pressure from the State to address regional ground water resiliency, the Ukiah Valley Water Authority was formed 2 years ago, joining the City of Ukiah with the Willow, Millview, and Redwood Valley water systems.  The current coordinated water system means everyone has access to sufficient water.   

            For decades, the City of Ukiah has owned and operated the only sewer plant in the valley, servicing the customers within the city limits, while contracting for treatment of sewage from customers outside the city limits.  

            Nine years ago, the City of Ukiah fire department signed a joint powers agreement with the Ukiah Valley Fire Protection District to become the Ukiah Valley Fire Authority, covering the needs of the entire Ukiah valley.

            The parcels proposed for annexation are already served by the expanded water and sewer districts.  The annexation will bring in revenues from those areas to help support services they already receive.  This also shifts some responsibilities from the County budget to the City budget, specifically road maintenance, police protection, and planning decisions.  While the County will lose some revenue, it also loses some obligations.

            The revenues from the annexed areas are: property taxes, sales taxes, and Transient Occupancy Tax (TOT).  The annexation plan spreads revenue changes over time, accruing short term City loses to ease the County pain, modifying the fiscal shock.

            Property taxes are a large part of the County income.  The County will keep 100% of the existing property tax income, but portions of the future increases will be shifted to the City, starting at about 3% the first year, increasing each year to a cap of 50% 15 years from now.  Property tax rates are set by the State, and fixed at a 2% per year increase, which will be unaffected by the annexation.

            Sales taxes are a minor part of the County income, but a significant portion of the City income.  That revenue will be shifted over 5 years, with little citizen impact.  TOT taxes mostly affect travelers, not local residents.

            Despite those reassurances, many attendees voiced concerns annexation would increase their taxes.  Others feared unrestrained development, but were told zoning for the area will stay the same and County and City development procedures are similar.  Some were just resistant to any change, yearning for the "good old days".  A common unstated assumption was that government of any kind is a problem to be avoided.

            In my opinion, good government balances the social needs of the whole with the needs of individuals.  Without a doubt, bad government is appalling, just look how one man's inflated ego has damaged our entire economy through his ill-advised war of choice in the Middle East.  But local government is more accessible.  Here in Ukiah, we can personally know all of the decision makers in the City, and we each have direct impact through election of the entire City Council.  Even the County is too big for that level of connection.  If the people of this small city can't come together for a workable solution, how can we expect much from our larger society?

            We have massive threats to our way of life.  Despite presidential denial, climate change is real.  This summer is projected to be a bad fire season.  Fire insurance is getting more expensive, if even available.  Water determines where life flourishes, and the rain patterns that deliver that water are changing.  The county economy was built on a resource extraction, but most of those resources have been depleted. 

            Make no mistake, we are all in this together, like it or not.  Only fools think they exist completely independently.  At the very least, we all breath oxygen that none of us make ourselves.  Local resilience is becoming more important every year. 

            It's trite but true.  United we stand, divided we fall.

 

 

Our Energy Choice

                                                                                            written 7 June, 2026

                                                                                      published 14 June, 2026

  

            Energy systems have two basic elements: the hardware needed, and the energy source.  

            A standard nuclear reactor can produce 24 gigawatts hours of power each day.  The solar powered equivalent is a 6 gigawatt array and a 20 gigawatt hour battery.  Big numbers, but larger solar and battery projects already exist, and are under construction, around the world.  

            Hardware costs for a large nuclear reactor range between $9-$20B, and construction can take a decade.  The solar and storage energy equivalent can cost $9B for the array and another $5B for the battery, in the same cost range as the reactor, while construction times can be much shorter.

            The solar array takes more land than a reactor, but the land can have multiple uses.  Agrivoltaic, combining an array with agriculture, benefits from the shade provided by the array.  Land around a reactor must keep people away, to protect the facility against attack and to protect civilians in case of a radiation event.

            The real economic difference between the two energy systems is the cost of the energy source.  Solar energy is free and nuclear fuel is not.

            The most economical uranium ore contains less than 0.1 percent uranium.  Producing a pound of uranium generates a ton of tailings, usually left near the mine site.  This slightly radioactive, toxic material, contaminates mine workers, local ground water, and areas downwind.  All uncompensated costs.

            Uranium is primarily two isotopes.  99 percent is relatively stable U-238, and only 0.7 percent is radioactive U-235.  Reactor fuel must be enriched to 5 percent U-235.  Each pound of enriched reactor fuel generates seven pounds of "depleted" uranium.  There is no commercial use for this material, now stockpiled at taxpayer expense.

            Large reactors hold 100 tons of enriched uranium.  Because the fission process quickly degrades the economic functioning of the reactor, 25 tons are replaced each year, yet only 5 percent of the fissionable U-235 has been consumed.  This "spent fuel" is extremely radioactive, lethal to life for hundreds of thousands of years.  There is no safe, long-term storage for this material.

            Therefore, each year, a single reactor produces 25 tons of the most long-lasting toxic material even seen on the planet, an additional 175 tons of "depleted" uranium, and 250,000 tons of toxic tailings scattered around the countryside.  

            Adding to the problem, our primary suppliers of enriched uranium fuel are China and Russia.  

            As our president kills domestic solar and pushes new nuclear construction, new domestic uranium enrichment facilities are being construction.  But in the interim, they are considering reprocessing the 92,000 tons of highly radioactive "spent fuel", to recover the useful U-235, creating thousands of tons of radioactive liquids, with no means of safe disposal.

            Domestic civilian reprocessing has been tried three times.  The first, in West Valley, New York, opened in 1966.  It was uneconomical, went bankrupt, and closed 6 years later.  For 46 years, the State of New York has used public funds in the ongoing cleanup of the most toxic site in the state. 

            The second effort, the Midwest Fuel Recovery Plant in Tennessee, opened in 1974 and closed one day later.  The site is still contaminated today.  In 1977, the third effort, the Barnwell facility in South Carolina, was never even completed, because the entire operation was uneconomical.

            New reactor designs are being built, which promise to be cheaper, but none are currently in operation.  Some use higher temperatures, different cooling systems, and different fuels.  One fuel is tri-structural isotropic (TRISO), millimeter size pebbles of reactor fuel fabricated with protective layers to prevent meltdown under high temperatures.  This costs ten times more than conventional reactor fuels.  Another fuel is high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU), uranium enriched to 20 percent U-235 for greater power in small modular reactors.  Bomb material is enriched to 90 percent.

            America has 40,000 pounds of plutonium, resulting from dismantled nuclear bombs under the START treaty.  This was produced at the Hanford, Washington facility, which was shut down in 1971.  The cleanup there continues to this day.  Plutonium is naturally radioactive.  As little as 11 pounds will make a bomb.  It can be mixed into fuel for high temperature reactors.  But there are concerns about making plutonium a marketable commodity in the energy business.

            All this is to avoid collecting the free energy from the sun.  Nuclear energy is not about energy.  It is about centralized control and financial power.  But the world is shifting.  We are the ones being left behind, going bankrupt.

Crying Wolf

                                                                                          written 31 May, 2026

                                                                                        published 7 June, 2026

            Everyone knows the story about the "boy who cried wolf".  Because he was bored, or wanted attention, he falsely claimed a wolf was attacking the flock of sheep he was supposed to watch.  The villagers rushed to defend him, only to realize there was no wolf.  After this happened several times, the people of the village began to distrust the boy, so when a wolf did appear, the boy got eaten.

            Similarly, the president every so often declares an "agreement with Iran has been reached".  So far, this keeps Wall Street and the oil markets relatively calm.  The stock market drooped when the war first started, but is now higher than ever as some still profit from disaster.  Crude oil prices are about 50 percent higher than before the war, but holding relatively steady, taking a slight price dip whenever an "immanent agreement" is announced, before creeping higher again.  Gasoline prices get everyone's attention, but there is still gas to be pumped.

            But whatever the president announces, Iran soon sets him straight.  There is no deal.  The Strait is still closed.  

            As the closure drags on, shortages of fuel and raw materials are being felt around the world, with disproportionate impact.  Asian nations from Japan to the Philippines, being hit hardest, have implemented a four-day work week, reduced speed limits, and curtail private driving while pushing for working from home.  Thirty nations from Norway to Zambia, are spending billions on fuel subsidies, with many declaring "states of national emergency", reducing air conditioning and subsidizing public transport. 

            None of this addresses the underlying cause: the stalemate with Iran.  Now into the fourth month, there are no indications it will end any time soon.  Once the stored oil reserves are depleted, which is now well under way, prices are expected to jump at least another 50 percent, perhaps even double.  America we will probably start seeing this by July, which will impact the midterm elections.

            The president has created an insoluble disaster.  No other countries will help force a change, because he has alienated them.  Resumption of war risks further long-lasting destruction of regional oil production.  Negotiation is time consuming and requires respect between participants, but he is impatient and inclined to bully people.  Voters are losing confidence in White House happy talk, as demonstrated by his declining poll numbers. 

            But the president doesn't let impending economic and political destruction slow him down.  This week we saw self-serving corruption of unprecedented scale.  The president sued himself for $10B over leaked tax returns, then came to an arranged settlement with himself, magnanimously dropping the lawsuit in exchanged for a $1.8B tax payer funded slush fund, to be distributed in secret by five men he picks, with no public record of who gets how much.  The original judge is now considering this as a fraud.  Additionally, he and his family are immune from tax audits for life.  What an exemplary statesman!

            But this may be a bridge too far even for Congressional Republicans, who are resisting signing on.  The Republican led Senate decided to leave town rather than vote.  The president's revenge attacks on any Republican insufficiently loyal to him has already created several lame duck Senators, now able to vote their personal ethics rather than submit to the bully-in-chief.  The House has similar problems.

            Regular readers know I am appalled by our president, seeing him as corrupt, incompetent, and demented.  But I have to give him credit where it is due.  He has accelerated the global shift away from fossil fuels into renewable energy.  Of course, this was never his intention, but that has been the effect of the closure of the Strait of Hormuz, for which he is totally responsible.  

            The entire planet now has a pocket book experience of the perils of depending on fossil fuels, totally independent of the fact that they are killing life on Earth.  When the core energy system of your economy can be affected by one insane individual, the incentive to change is dramatic.  This is not to say that the renewable shift is complete, or anywhere near sufficient, but the tide has inexorably turned.  There is nothing the president can do, short of global thermonuclear war, that will stop what in now in motion.

            Even though the U.S. is racing backward as fast as possible, and China is the global energy provider of the future, we may avoid toasting off the planet for profit, thanks to our president.

 

Form And Space

                                                                                          written 24 May, 2026

                                                                                      published 31 May, 2026

 

            When you look up at the dark night sky, you immediately notice any finite forms giving off light: planes, planets, or stars.  Your perception is tuned to notice differences, so these objects immediately capture your attention.  But the only reason you can see them is their contrast against the vast wholeness of dark space in between.  You don't usually perceive the space between the forms, but that background is essential to perception.  This is the relationship between form and space. 

            Examples of this form/space dynamic are everywhere.  French composer Claude Debussy, once said, "music is the silence between the notes."  We focus on the form of notes creating the music, which are defined by silent spaces that we often overlook. 

            As you read this, any meaning in the words comes from the relationship between the marks forming the letters and the empty background, which gives power to the written word.  We totally focus on the form of the words, usually unaware of the background space.

            In "A New Earth", Eckhart Tolle points out there is a similar form/space dynamic in our thinking process.  He suggests the human ego is the root of most of our cultural dysfunction.  Specifically, we have become identified with the thoughts in our head, our ego, believing that is "who we are".  In reality thoughts are an artifact of mind.  We are not our thoughts, but a being thinking those thoughts.  However, we easily confuse our identity with the constancy of thought.  

            But if you pay close attention, the stream of thoughts has gaps, where one thought ends and another begins, like punctuation in a sentence.  These can be very short, and easily missed in the torrent of thinking.  But by choosing to pay attention, we can notice the gaps, which will then expand in duration.  We can become aware of being present, noticing as thinking forms occurs, rather than being identified with the thoughts themselves.  

            Thoughts are forms that happen against the background space of experiencing awareness.  As we increasingly experience being aware, our identification with our thoughts, our ego, diminishes.  What soon becomes clear is that thinking is always about something that happened in the past, or something that might happen in the future, while awareness happens in the moment.  

            Since reality only happens in the moment, never the past or future, being aware in the moment means being able to respond more appropriately to reality.  When we are lost in the thoughts of past or future, our responses to reality are constrained, distorted, and often inappropriate.  Appropriate response to reality is obviously a benefit for an individual, but applies at the social level as well.

            In my opinion, there are two huge issues currently threatening all of humanity: the closure of the Strait of Hormuz, and the climate crisis.  These both result from prioritizing form over space, ego over awareness. 

            The 2015 Iranian nuclear agreement was a solution the whole world wanted: preventing Iran from developing nuclear weapons, a goal even our president claims is important.  This resulted from years of negotiation between leaders and experts from seven different nations, and it was verified to be working.  

            But eight years ago, only three years after being signed, our president decided to withdraw from the Iran nuclear agreement, unilaterally deciding it was a "bad deal".  Rather than considering the space of international relations that we all inhabit, his ego thought form prevailed, operating completely oblivious to the larger reality.  

            Iran felt betrayed, viewing the U.S. as an untrustworthy adversary, and began pursuing nuclear capacity to defend against an international bully, potentially creating the horror everyone had tried to prevent.  The bombing last June, and the larger attack this March, failed to get back to conditions that existed before the president made his decision to withdraw.  Furthermore, an aggrieved Iran exercised their geographical situational power, and closed the Strait, throwing the global economy into increasing disarray. 

            The climate crisis results from an economic model that prioritizes profit for a few, a form of ego, at the expense of all life on Earth, the larger reality space.  While this crisis is slower to manifest that the Strait closure, the impact is much more widespread, with a solution even more difficult that the one with Iran.

            As long as our leaders continue to operate from their limited ego forms, the larger reality will continue to collapse.  Republicans demonstrably have no answers.  Time to vote for change.

 

 

Storm Warning

                                                                                          written 17 May, 2026

                                                                                      published 24 May, 2026

 

            Almost three months ago, the president started the war on Iran.  Iran responded by blocking the Strait of Hormuz, and shipping from the Persian Gulf dropped 95 percent, virtually eliminating a fifth of the global oil supply. Pipelines and overland trucking have allowed some oil to move, but the shortage is still significant.  Published crude oil prices have already jumped from $65/barrel to $104/barrel, and we can all see the impact at the pump.

            But this is only part of the story.  The prices quoted are paper prices, distinct from "dated" prices for delivery of physical oil.  Before the war, dated prices were usually close to paper prices.  But the abrupt closure prioritized having the physical oil over future deliveries, so dated oil jumped an additional $30-$50/barrel.  In recent days this physical oil premium has declined some, due to buyer reliance on stored inventory and hope the conflict will resolve quickly.  But that hope is fading as the stalemate grinds on, and all storage is finite.

            What we have experienced so far is war induced price inflation, with adequate product still available.  The chapter beginning now is an actual reduction in supply.  But the reduction will not be experienced evenly and prices may spike even higher.  Rural areas will be hit harder, as their economic clout is smaller. 

            Here in California, a third of our oil in produced in state and the rest is imported by sea, because there are no oil pipelines from the east.  One third of our imported oil comes from the Persian Gulf.  But a change is about to happen.  The last tanker of prewar Persian Gulf oil unloaded in Long Beach on the third of May, leaving a 20 percent shortfall going forward, although there is some oil in storage. 

            Even if the Strait opened tomorrow, it would take time to get much of that oil delivered.  Oil infrastructure in the war zone has been damaged.  Sources have reduced production, requiring time to get back to former levels.  It is estimated that it will take as much as a year to return to prewar levels of production and prices, even with a quick resolution and no further damage. 

            There will be problematic disparities within the economy, because not all fossil fuels are equal, with diesel being the most important.  In the U.S., most of our domestic oil is from fracking, which is too light to be refined into diesel without adding heavy crude imported from elsewhere.  This puts us in competition with the rest of the world, which also needs heavy crude.  

            Most developed economies are diesel powered, especially the food systems, which includes basic agricultural production, processing, bulk transportation, and retail distribution.  A diesel shortage anywhere in the food system will eventually express as bare spots on grocery store shelves.  We are not approaching a food crisis.  It has already begun.

            Nitrogen fertilizer is mostly produced from natural gas, which the Hormuz closure has disrupted, so prices are surging.  Airlines everywhere are facing higher jet fuel prices as supplies plummet.  The Spirit Airlines bankruptcy is just the first.  Liquefied natural gas is essential for manufacturing, chemical production, and heating systems.  Naphtha supplies the petrochemical raw material for plastics, solvents, and industrial chemicals.  Persian Gulf exports, one fifth of the global total, have ceased.  All supply chains are being affected, as the oil crisis becomes an "everything crisis".  

            Asia and the Pacific region were hit first, being closer, and more dependent of Persian Gulf exports.  Europe will exhaust their stored supplies this month.  America will be hit by July, in part because the U.S. has expanded exports to the rest of the world, acting as if everything is under control, even though we can't even supply our own needs.

            There are no simple, or quick, solutions.  The president, too distracted by his ballroom, won't save us even though he created this entire problem when he unilaterally welched on the international Iranian nuclear deal eight years ago.  Republicans won't save us, because they are subservient to the president.  However, they may be overwhelmed by voter outrage.  

            This is not an extinction event, but it will be a long-lasting emergency.  We have to reduce fossil fuel consumption immediately, in order control prices and preserve societal essentials.  Life as we have known it will change.  This is a community-level challenge, not an individual one.  The people who survive systemic disruption are the ones who organize, share, and look out for each other. 

 

 

 

 

 

Looking For A Silver Lining

                                                                                          written 10 May, 2026

                                                                                      published 17 May, 2026

 

            It is easy to see the problems.  

            The stock market is booming and the president is laser focused on his ballroom, yet many people are hurting.  The National Science Foundation board was fired.  Now political appointees make scientific decisions.  Since we withdrew from the World Health Organization, the Center for Disease Control is no longer the global health standard it was.  The Supreme Court has destroyed the Voting Rights Act.  Republican autocracy is on the rise. 

            There is no money for healthcare, while our military spends as much as the next 8 countries combined.  Despite outspending Iran 90:1, the Strait of Hormuz is blocked for the 11th week, threatening the global economy.  In Ukiah, Chevron sells regular for $6.05/gal., and diesel for $7.29/gal., driving up prices for everything else as well.   

            But it is said that even the devil does God's work.  Is there a silver lining in all this?

            It helps to zoom out and look from a global perspective.  In my opinion, our president's denial of the climate crisis is suicidal insanity.  While he is destroying renewable energy systems in the U.S., his war of choice is pushing the rest of the world to accelerate away from fossil fuels, driven by economics and the instability of the fossil fuel market.

            China, the world's leader in renewable hardware production, has experienced a sharp increase in global solar sales since the war began, now shipping 2 gigawatts per day.  While solar is more intermittent than nuclear, that is the energy equivalent to installing a large nuclear reactor every 3 days!  Compare that to the U.S., which just broke ground on one modest modular reactor last month.  

            The lemming like rush to develop AI is being threatened by the current stagnation in the Strait.  This AI frenzy is a race to be first, but the blockade has eliminated materials critical for the production of advanced computer chips, which can take a year to fabricate.  As the pace of hardware stalls, and rising fuel prices increase costs, AI investment, which was precarious to begin with, is becoming more problematic.  There is already strain because AI still produces little actual return for the money it consumes.  Furthermore, local pushback has forced the cancellation of dozens of data centers.  When the financial bubble pops, not only will the entire global economy sink, but the pace of AI development will crash.  However, this could save our society from the chaos of massive unemployment expected from unrestrained AI deployment.

            Another financial outcome already in play is the change in how U.S. dollars are used in the world today.  For almost a half century, most of the oil sold was denominated in dollars, which was a financial advantage for the U.S.  This has changed because much of the Middle East sees China as the wave of the future.  In addition, U.S. bond sales have been heavily supported by foreign investors, subsidizing our ever-growing national debt.  The president's handling of the war makes these investments seem riskier, increasing our costs of borrowing.  The result of both of these changes makes the domination of federal policy by financial institutions increasingly shaky.

            The stalemate in the Strait has demonstrated the U.S. is no longer a trustworthy ally.  While this marks a decline in America's superpower status, it is building more relationships between nations outside U.S. domination.  Much like England after World War 2, America is being challenged to choose to recommit to being a functioning democracy, rather than trying to dominate world affairs.  It is not yet clear that we will make that choice, but we no longer control the process.

            The president reports feeling nervous around people smarter than himself, which explains his cabinet choices.  Their monetary worth is 100 times greater than Biden's cabinet, but chosen for loyalty, not competence.  This administration is riddled with corruption and abuse by the extremely wealthy.  We have a trillionaire, while millions struggle for food, shelter, and healthcare.  Even the president's most diehard supporters are experiencing this inequity.  Perhaps people will begin to see extreme wealth as a mental disorder of hoarding, not a mark of success.

            The coming changes will be hard for us Americans, but if we survive, the world may become a better place.  I believe most people are good, honoring fair play and the core of the Golden Rule.  We are being called to live, and vote, our ideals, becoming the best we can be.

One Man's Ego

                                                                                            written 3 May, 2026

                                                                                      published 10 May, 2026

           

            In August, 1945, the quantum physics theory that all matter is a form of energy was validated when the U.S. destroyed two Japanese cities.  Nuclear bombs, 1,000 times more powerful than previous weapons, began a new chapter in humanity's historic obsession with domination through power.  As no country wanted to be at the mercy of their adversaries, other countries soon joined the club, which today includes: the United States, Russia, England, France, China, Israel, India, Pakistan, and North Korea.

            The world recognized the need to control this new level of destruction, and the 1970 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty helped slow the spread.  189 of the 193 nations have become parties to the treaty.  However, India, Israel, and Pakistan have never agreed, and North Korea withdrew in 2003.

            Atoms For Peace, producing electricity from commercial nuclear reactors, put a benign face of nuclear technology, but made weapons control more difficult.  While nuclear reactors are not nuclear bombs, they have some fundamental infrastructure similarities, and potential bomb material is generated within commercial nuclear "waste".

            Iran's enmity toward the U.S. began in 1953, when we helped overthrow their elected leader over oil issues, and installed the former Shah as their tyrannical dictator to act as our agent in the region.  The Iranian nuclear industry began when the U.S. built them a small research nuclear reactor in 1970.  However, plans to build 20 power reactors were halted by the 1979 Islamic revolution, which solidified American enmity toward Iran.  America applied economic sanctions and "froze" (stole) $12 billions of Iranian state funds then on deposit in western banks, worth $55 billions today.

            With Russian help, Iran then spent decades developing their nuclear infrastructure, asserting a right to have nuclear electrical power.  But concerns grew that they were getting close to building nuclear weapons. 

            Both sides were entrenched in their mutual mistrust and hatred, making effective agreement very difficult.  However, when Obama was president, the United States, Russia, China, Britain, France and Germany began negotiations with Iran, offering incentives to constrain their nuclear ambitions.  After 20 months of talks, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was signed in July 2015.

            Iran gave up 98 percent of its enriched uranium.  Their uranium mining, production, enrichment, and research were restricted and monitored by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the UN’s nuclear watchdog.  Inspectors had unfettered access to Iranian nuclear facilities, ensuring they pursued only civilian work.  If Iran was found to be non-compliant, UN sanctions would immediately resume.  In return, Iran was granted economic sanction relief and their frozen funds were to be returned.  

            For several years, the IAEA certified Iran was keeping its commitments.  The threat was contained, a testament to the power of diplomacy. 

            However, in May 2018, seventeen months into his first term, our new president's ego decided the JCPOA was a "terrible deal".  Perhaps he wanted to destroy anything Obama had achieved.  Perhaps he was just wanted attention.  Based on nothing, without consulting the other parties to the treaty, without consulting Congress, he withdrew the U.S. government from the JCPOA and reimposed oil and banking sanctions.   

            Iran, claiming the U.S. government had demonstrated it was untrustworthy, declared it would resume enrichment without any limitations, and barred international inspectors.  By early 2023 it had stockpiled enough enriched material to potentially approach nuclear breakout.  This was the disaster everyone had feared, unilaterally created by our president, on a whim.  

            On 13 June, 2025, Israel launched a surprise attack on Iranian nuclear targets and personnel, which ended 12 days later when the U.S. dropped "bunker busters" on the underground enrichment facilities.  The president announced he "completely and totally obliterated" their nuclear capacity, but the Pentagon assessed it had been set back maybe 2 years.  

            Having welched on a working deal, and then failed to destroy the resulting Iranian nuclear program, the president doubled down, encouraged by hawks in our government.  On 28 February, 2026, the U.S. and Israel began a larger set of attacks on Iran, again without consulting any allies or Congress.  This time Iran responded, attacking regional fossil fuel infrastructures and military installations.  More significantly, they closed the Strait of Hormuz.

             Despite this being totally expected, the president had no effective response.  Ten weeks on, global trade is still disrupted, continuing to get worse the longer the blockage lasts.  Americans are still relatively sheltered, but that won't last much longer.  We are at the mercy of one man's ego, which thrives on chaos and anger.