written 3 May, 2026
published 10 May, 2026
In August, 1945, the quantum physics theory that all matter is a form of energy was validated when the U.S. destroyed two Japanese cities. Nuclear bombs, 1,000 times more powerful than previous weapons, began a new chapter in humanity's historic obsession with domination through power. As no country wanted to be at the mercy of their adversaries, other countries soon joined the club, which today includes: the United States, Russia, England, France, China, Israel, India, Pakistan, and North Korea.
The world recognized the need to control this new level of destruction, and the 1970 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty helped slow the spread. 189 of the 193 nations have become parties to the treaty. However, India, Israel, and Pakistan have never agreed, and North Korea withdrew in 2003.
Atoms For Peace, producing electricity from commercial nuclear reactors, put a benign face of nuclear technology, but made weapons control more difficult. While nuclear reactors are not nuclear bombs, they have some fundamental infrastructure similarities, and potential bomb material is generated within commercial nuclear "waste".
Iran's enmity toward the U.S. began in 1953, when we helped overthrow their elected leader over oil issues, and installed the former Shah as their tyrannical dictator to act as our agent in the region. The Iranian nuclear industry began when the U.S. built them a small research nuclear reactor in 1970. However, plans to build 20 power reactors were halted by the 1979 Islamic revolution, which solidified American enmity toward Iran. America applied economic sanctions and "froze" (stole) $12 billions of Iranian state funds then on deposit in western banks, worth $55 billions today.
With Russian help, Iran then spent decades developing their nuclear infrastructure, asserting a right to have nuclear electrical power. But concerns grew that they were getting close to building nuclear weapons.
Both sides were entrenched in their mutual mistrust and hatred, making effective agreement very difficult. However, when Obama was president, the United States, Russia, China, Britain, France and Germany began negotiations with Iran, offering incentives to constrain their nuclear ambitions. After 20 months of talks, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was signed in July 2015.
Iran gave up 98 percent of its enriched uranium. Their uranium mining, production, enrichment, and research were restricted and monitored by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the UN’s nuclear watchdog. Inspectors had unfettered access to Iranian nuclear facilities, ensuring they pursued only civilian work. If Iran was found to be non-compliant, UN sanctions would immediately resume. In return, Iran was granted economic sanction relief and their frozen funds were to be returned.
For several years, the IAEA certified Iran was keeping its commitments. The threat was contained, a testament to the power of diplomacy.
However, in May 2018, seventeen months into his first term, our new president's ego decided the JCPOA was a "terrible deal". Perhaps he wanted to destroy anything Obama had achieved. Perhaps he was just wanted attention. Based on nothing, without consulting the other parties to the treaty, without consulting Congress, he withdrew the U.S. government from the JCPOA and reimposed oil and banking sanctions.
Iran, claiming the U.S. government had demonstrated it was untrustworthy, declared it would resume enrichment without any limitations, and barred international inspectors. By early 2023 it had stockpiled enough enriched material to potentially approach nuclear breakout. This was the disaster everyone had feared, unilaterally created by our president, on a whim.
On 13 June, 2025, Israel launched a surprise attack on Iranian nuclear targets and personnel, which ended 12 days later when the U.S. dropped "bunker busters" on the underground enrichment facilities. The president announced he "completely and totally obliterated" their nuclear capacity, but the Pentagon assessed it had been set back maybe 2 years.
Having welched on a working deal, and then failed to destroy the resulting Iranian nuclear program, the president doubled down, encouraged by hawks in our government. On 28 February, 2026, the U.S. and Israel began a larger set of attacks on Iran, again without consulting any allies or Congress. This time Iran responded, attacking regional fossil fuel infrastructures and military installations. More significantly, they closed the Strait of Hormuz.
Despite this being totally expected, the president had no effective response. Ten weeks on, global trade is still disrupted, continuing to get worse the longer the blockage lasts. Americans are still relatively sheltered, but that won't last much longer. We are at the mercy of one man's ego, which thrives on chaos and anger.